O120 Procurement of Citizenship or Naturalization Unlawfully

Official jury instruction text reproduced for information. It is not legal advice; the instruction given in a case depends on the facts and the court.

Instruction
O120
Statute
18 U.S.C. § 1425
Edition
Eleventh Circuit Pattern Jury Instructions (Criminal Cases), revised July 2026
Official source
Official PDF, page 777

Elements

Quoted word for word from the official text. Eleventh Circuit Pattern Jury Instructions (Criminal Cases), revised July 2026.

The Defendant can be found guilty of a violation of section 1425(a), only if all the following facts are proved beyond a reasonable doubt:

(1) the Defendant knowingly [procured] [attempted to procure];

(2) contrary to law;

(3) the naturalization of any person, or documentary or other evidence of naturalization or citizenship[.] [; and]

[(4) the Defendant did so [to facilitate an act of international terrorism] [to facilitate a drug trafficking crime].]

The Defendant can be found guilty of a violation of section 1425(b), only if all of the following facts are proved beyond a reasonable doubt:

(1) the Defendant [for himself] [for another person not entitled thereto] knowingly [issued, procured, obtained, applied for], [attempted to procure or obtain] [naturalization or citizenship, or a declaration of intention to become a citizen, or a certificate of arrival or any certificate or evidence of nationalization or citizenship, documentary or otherwise, or duplicate copies of the foregoing];

(2) [the Defendant is not entitled to naturalization or citizenship] [the other person is not entitled to naturalization or citizenship]; and

(3) [the Defendant knows he or she is not entitled to naturalization or citizenship]; [the Defendant knows the other person is not entitled to naturalization or citizenship[.] [; and]

[(4) the Defendant did so [to facilitate an act of international terrorism] [to facilitate a drug trafficking crime].]

Related practice page

Citizenship & Naturalization Fraud

Official source: Official PDF, page 777

Official jury instruction text reproduced for information. It is not legal advice; the instruction given in a case depends on the facts and the court.

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